I-piston ye-injini yemoto yenye yezona ndawo ziphambili ze-injini, yona kunye neringi yepiston, ipiston pin kunye nezinye iindawo zeqela lepiston, kunye nentloko yesilinda kunye namanye amacandelo kunye ukwenza igumbi lokutsha, ukumelana namandla egesi. kwaye udlulise amandla kwi-crankshaft ngepiston kunye nentonga yokudibanisa ukugqiba inkqubo yokusebenza ye-injini yokutsha yangaphakathi.
Ngenxa yokuba ipiston ikwisantya esiphezulu, soxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphezulu bendawo yokusebenza, kodwa kwakhona ukuthathela ingqalelo ukusebenza okugudileyo kunye nokuqina kwe-injini, kuyafuneka ukuba ipiston nayo ibe namandla okwaneleyo kunye nokuqina, I-conductivity elungileyo ye-thermal, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, i-coefficient encinci yokwandisa (ubungakanani kunye noshintsho lwemilo lube luncinci), uxinano oluncinci (ubunzima bokukhanya), ukunxiba kunye nokumelana nokubola, kodwa kunye neendleko eziphantsi.Ngenxa yeemfuno ezininzi kunye neziphezulu, ezinye zeemfuno ziphikisana, kunzima ukufumana izinto zepiston ezinokuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno.
I-piston ye-injini ye-injini ngokubanzi yenziwe nge-alloyi ye-aluminium, kuba i-alloy ye-aluminium ineenzuzo zoxinano oluncinci kunye nokuhanjiswa kakuhle kwe-thermal, kodwa kwangaxeshanye, ineziphene zokwandiswa kwe-coefficient enkulu kunye namandla aphantsi obushushu aphezulu, angakwazi Kuhlangatyezwana kuphela luyilo olufanelekileyo lwesakhiwo.Ke ngoko, umgangatho wenjini yemoto awuxhomekanga kuphela kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, kodwa nakwingqiqo yoyilo.
Kukho amashumi amawaka eenxalenye emotweni, ukusuka kwi crankshafts kunye ne gearboxes ukuya kwi spring washers nee bolts and nuts.Yonke inxalenye inendima yayo, njenge-piston ring "encinci", ibonakala ilula ukusuka kwimilo, ubunzima obulula kakhulu, ixabiso nalo lincinci kakhulu, kodwa indima ayikho into encinci.Ngaphandle kwayo, imoto ayikwazi ukuhamba, nangona inengxaki encinci, imoto ayiyi kuba yinto eqhelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli enkulu, okanye amandla anganeleyo.Ngokudityaniswa kweqela lonke lepiston kunye necylinder, iqela lepiston linxibelelana ngokwenene nodonga lwesilinda lwesilinda yintsimbi yepiston, egcwalisa umsantsa phakathi kwepiston kunye nodonga lwesilinda ukuvala igumbi lokutsha, ngoko ikwayiyo. eyona nxalenye inxiba lula kwi-injini.Iringi yepiston ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe ngentsimbi etyhidiweyo, inomlinganiselo othile wokunwebeka, ineentlobo ngeentlobo zeemilo zecandelo lomnqamlezo, kwaye inokwaleka kumphezulu wokunyusa ukusebenza kokubaleka.Xa i-injini isebenza, ipiston iya kufudunyezwa kwaye yandiswe, ngoko umsesane wepiston unesithuba esivulekileyo.
Ukuze ugcine ukuqina ngexesha lofakelo, i-gap yokuvula i-piston ring kufuneka igxininiswe.I-piston ihlala inemisesane yepiston emithathu ukuya kwezine, ezohlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini zemisesane yerhasi kunye nemisesane yeoli ngokwemisebenzi yazo eyahlukileyo.Umsesane wegesi ufakwe kwi-groove ye-ring ekupheleni kwentloko yepiston ukukhusela ukuvuza komoya, ukuhambisa ubushushu bentloko yepiston kudonga lwesilinda, kunye nokukhupha ubushushu bepiston.Umsebenzi we-oyile ye-oyile kukuthintela i-oyile yokuthambisa ukuba ingene kwigumbi lokutsha, kunye nokukhuhla i-oyile yokuthambisa engaphezulu kwindonga ye-cylinder emva kwi-pan yeoli, efakwe kwi-groove ye-ring ephantsi ye-gas ring.Logama nje iimfuno zomsebenzi wokutywina ziqinisekisiwe, inani lamakhonkco episton lingaphantsi kwenani elingcono, inani lamakhonkco episton lingaphantsi kowona mmandla uncinci wokukhuhlana, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla, kunye nokunciphisa ubude bepiston, leyo ngokuhambelanayo inciphisa ukuphakama kwe-injini.
Ukuba i-piston ring ayifakwanga ngokufanelekileyo okanye ukutywinwa akulungile, kuya kubangela ukuba ioli eludongeni lwe-cylinder itshise kunye negumbi lokutsha kunye nomxube, obangela ukuba ioli ivuthe.Ukuba ucoceko phakathi kweringi yepiston kunye nodonga lwesilinda luncinci kakhulu okanye iringi yepiston ibambeke kwigroove yeringi ngenxa yokuqokelelana kwekhabhoni, njl. eludongeni, kwaye emva kwexesha elide, kuya kwenza i-groove enzulu eludongeni lwe-cylinder, edla ngokuthi "i-cylinder pulling" isenzeko.Udonga lwe-cylinder lunemigodi, kwaye ukutywinwa kubi, okuya kubangela ukutshiswa kweoli.Ngoko ke, imeko yokusebenza yepiston kufuneka ihlolwe rhoqo ukuze kugwenywe ukwenzeka kwezi meko zimbini zingentla kwaye kuqinisekiswe imeko yokusebenza kakuhle kwe-injini.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-03-2023